mercoledì 24 febbraio 2016

OTHER PHYSICAL AND MENTAL DISABILITIES - Alessandra 5°E



Duchenne muscular dystrophy

This disorder is inherited and starts from the legs and then it affects other parts of the body. Symptoms appear mainly in boys from 1 to 6 years old. There are many complications, expecially bone ones, cardiomyopathy, respiratory disorders, muscle ones, so they often have to use a wheelchair. There isn’t a cure for this disease. 

Cerebral Palsy

It is a group of chronic disorders of nerves that control muscles. The cerebral palsy appears in the first years of life and is caused by incorrect development or a damage in the brain.
Symptoms are:

  • difficulty walking;
  • difficulty with fine motor tasks;
  • involuntary movements, that’s why the muscles are often rigid.
There isn’t a cure for this type of disease. 
 

Mental retardation

People affected by mental retardation have got problems with learning ability, adaptive behaviour, their language and their relationships with others. This condition manifests itself before the age of 18 and the causes are prenatal, perinatal or postnatal, but sometimes they are unknown. The types of mental retardation are classified in this way:

  • intermittent;
  • limited;
  • extensive;
  • pervasive.
There isn’t a cure for mental retardation, but there are a lot of therapies.


Epilepsy 

It’s a brain disorder, and it appears when the brain sends abnormal signals. There are many causes of epilepsy - like genetic conditions, tumors, brain trauma - but it is not always possible to identify the real motivation. This disease isn’t contagious and it doesn’t cause mental retardation. There are two types of seizures: generalised and partial.
There are three types of treatment methods for this disorder: medical, surgical, dietary.
 

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