PICCADILLY CIRCUS - Alessandro

Piccadilly Circus is a popular meeting place for visitors from all over the world.
It is an open area situated at the junction of Regent and Piccadilly Street.
It is very popular for the Shaftesbury Memorial  and its video display.

HYDE PARK - LONDON EYE - Vincenzo

HYDE PARK

Hyde Park is one the greatest city parks in the world. The best day to go there is on Sunday.
There is a good chance you'll forget you are right in the centre of London.
Hyde Park in London has something for everyone. It is home to a number of fascinating buildings and monuments: the "Joy of Life Fountain" and the famous Achilles statue. Then, at Speaker's Corner, there are people listening to whoever wants to express his views in public.

LONDON EYE

The London Eye is the tallest ferries wheel in Europe. It is a fantastic way to see all the city of London, a wonderful view over the city. 
It is situated on the banks of the river Thames. There are 32 passenger capsules and each capsule holds approximately 25 people. The revolution takes about 30 minutes.

WESTMINSTER ABBEY - NICOLA

Westminster Abbey was built between 1045 and 1050.
It is the most beautiful Gothic church in London.
Tradition says that a young fisherman saw a vision of Saint Peter near the site.
The construction of the church began in 1245 because King Henry III selected this site for his burial. This church was restored many times.
All the coronations of the British rulers were held in the Abbey.
The church is a collegiate church.

BUCKINGHAM PALACE - Ion

Buckingham Palace is in London. It was built between 1703 and 1826 with a neoclassical style. Today it is still the official residence of the ruler of the United Kingdom.

THE TOWER OF LONDON - Andrea B.

The Tower of London is a historic castle located on the north bank of the river Thames in the centre of London.

It has 21 towers, each one with a mysterious story about its prisoners and their strange deaths.

It was built in 1066.

The castle was a prison from 1100 to 1952 although this was never its main purpose.

It was also used like a fortress, an armory, an office, an observatory and a refuge of illustrious figures like Henry IV, Anne Boleyn and Sir Thomas More.

Today the Tower of London is one of the most important attractions of the city, every year over two millions of people come here to admire the Crown Jewels and learn something about this fascinating symbol of London.

Glossary:
Crown: Corona
Jewels: Gioielli
Purpose: Scopo
Amory: Armeria
Fascinating: Affascinante

THE SHARD - Andrea G.

It is the tallest skyscraper in the EU. It was designed by Renzo Piano in 2000 and it was realized in 2012.

The Shard is a "small town" because inside you can see a lot of offices, luxury residences, restaurants and retail space.

There is a public viewing gallery, too. It is located on the 72nd floor.

ROOMS AND FURNITURE

QUESTIONS

DOMANDE POSTE NELLE INTERROGAZIONI FINALI:

• ANXIETY DISORDERS

1. Name some symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder (p. 200)

2. How can a patient try to objectify his/her anxiety? (By having phobias p. 201)

What are phobias?

3. What is obsessive-compulsive disorder? (p. 201)

What is the difference between obsessions and compulsions?

4. Are you hypochondriac? Do you often call out the doctor? Do you worry a lot about your health? (p. 205)

5. Which are the main somatoform disorders? (somatization disorders – hypochondria – hysteria p. 206). Explain each of them (what are somatization disorders? What is hypochondria? What is hysteria? p. 206).

• SCHIZOPHRENIA

6. What is schizophrenia? What does the word “schizophrenia” derive from? (p. 208)

7. Do we know the cause of schizophrenia? Who does this illness affect? (p. 208)

8. Who are the main mental health professionals? Where do they work? (p. 214)

9. What are hallucinations? Are they positive or negative symptoms of which mental illness? (p. 210)

10. Social withdrawal: which kind of symptom is it? Which mental illness are we talking about? (p.210)

11. How is schizophrenia usually treated? (p. 211)

• DEPRESSION

12. What is depression? Is it a sign of personal weakness? (p. 212)

13. Do you know anybody who suffers from depression? Which are its symptoms?(p. 212)

14. Have hormonal factors got a key role in depression? Why?

• EATING PROBLEMS

15. Which eating problems have you studied? What is the difference between anorexia and bulimia? (p. 218)

16. Which are the characteristics of a teenager affected by anorexia? (p. 218)

17. Which are the causes of bulimia? What about its symptoms? (p. 218)

• ALCOHOLISM

18. Is alcohol a solution to problems, according to you? (p. 219)

19. Name some of the most typical signs of alcohol dependency. (p. 219)

• DRUG ADDICTION

20. Why may teenagers use drugs? (p. 221)

• REFUGEES

21. Who are refugees? What is their hope? (p. 229)

22. What does immigration often produce in receiving countries? (p. 229-230)

• FACILITIES FOR PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (UNIT 9)

23. What is “La Speranza” residential home? Which kind of people live there? (p. 164)

24. What do day centres aim to do? (p. 167)

What kind of activities are available in day centres? (p. 167)

25. Who works in a residential home for people with special needs? (p. 172)

• DISABILITIES (UNIT 10)

DOWN'S SYNDROME

26. How many chromosomes does a person with Down's Syndrome have in each cell?

What happens in mosaicism? (p. 179-180)

27. Name some physical features of a child with Down's Syndrome. (p. 180)

28. Can people with Down's Syndrome have health problems? Which ones? (p. 182)

AUTISM

29. Which autistic behaviours have you studied? Name some of them. (p. 187)

30. What is the cause of autism? Is there a cure for it? (p. 186)

CEREBRAL PALSY

31. How many types of cerebral palsy are there? Which are its symptoms? (p. 192)

EPILEPSY

32. When a person is affected by epilepsy, what do his or her neurons do? (p. 193)

MENTAL RETARDATION

33. Which are the causes for mental retardation? What therapeutic interventions are available? (p. 194)

DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY

34. What is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy? Who does this disorder usually affect? (p. 195)

Vi consiglio inoltre di riguardare tutte le domande che vi ho assegnato tutti i mercoledì!

Good luck!

REFUGEES - Michela - 5°E

Every year, many people leave their home country.

This happens because people cannot live in dignity and quietly in their country as their life is in constant danger.

The countries that host them are often disappointed because they focus on the differences and they forget we are all human beings.

Refugees usually do underpaid works, jobs that local people refuse, the 3-D work (Dirty, Dangerous and Difficult) ones.

Their presence increases the global consumption and the development of economy.

Receiving countries are often afraid of different cultures because they don't spend their time trying to get to know them.




DISABILITIES AND THE BUTTERFLY CIRCUS

Only English

Italian subtitles

Best regards!

Jade Bell

DRUG ADDICTION - Michela - 5°E

THE ENDLESS TUNNEL

There may be different causes leading to drug addiction.
Teenagers may use drugs as a means of temporary alleviation of the discomforts connected to life events which they perceive as being out of their control and can be seen as a conseguence of family risk factors.
However family disruption may not directly lead to drug use; rather family problems may lead to disenchantment with traditional values and the development of deviant attitudes, which may in turn lay the foundation for substance abuse.





WARNING SIGNS OF TEENAGE DRUG ABUSE


It is important to keep in mind that if teenagers show some of the following signs, it does not necessarily mean that they are abusing drugs since there are other causes for these behaviours.

SIGNS AT HOME:

• loss of interest in family activities
• disrespect  for family rules
• sudden increase or decrease in appetite
• not coming back on time
• lies about activities

SIGNS AT SCHOOL

• sudden drop in grades
• loss of interest in learning
• sleeping in class
• defiant of authority
• not doing homework

PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL SIGNS:

• new friends
• smell of alcohol or marijuana on breath or body
• negative,  paranoid or  confused, destructive, anxious
• drastic weight loss or gain
• unhappy and depressed

ALCOHOLISM - Sidorela - 5°E

Drinking:

A solution to problems?

Alcohol use among young people has become a significant health problem since teenagers are drinking more alcohol more often than ever before.

Teenagers sometimes have their first drink by the age of 12.

Each year a lot of people aged less than 25 die as the result of alcohol use, especially while driving.

Alcohol can harm the body and cause serious psychological problems.

EATING DISORDERS - Giulia - 5°E

Eating disorders are psychological disorders that involve disturbances in eating behaviour.


Two psychiatric eating disorders are anorexia and bulimia. There is no one cause of eating disorders but they are linked to a combination of factors, such as family relationships and psychological problems. These diseases affect a lot of teenagers. Symptoms of eating disorders may include a distorted body image, extreme weight change and high interest in exercise.


Bulimics binge on great quantities of high-caloric food and they self induce vomiting or they use laxatives. A combination of treatments, including cognitive behavioural therapy and anti-depressant medication may help teens overcome bulimia.


A teenager affected by anorexia suffers from low self-esteem, irrationally believing she is fat. Anorexics starve themselves. Anorexia treatment usually involves nutritional feeding, medical monitoring and psychological therapy.


Eating disorders can lead to serious illness and even death.

USEFUL SENTENCES

• That's a good point
• To sum up
• To be honest
• That's an interesting question
• Firstly / First of all / In the first place
• Then / Next / After that
• Eventually / Finally / In conclusion
• Firstly... / Secondly...
• It is also true that...
• What is more...
• Moreover...
• Along the same lines...
• It can also be said...
• In addition...
• I believe very strongly that...
• I truly think that...
• No one can deny that...
• Although many people disagree, I hold the firm opinion that...

SCHIZOPHRENIA - Michela - 5°E

It's a common and serious mental illness. Affected people cannot tell what is real and what is not real. The cause is still unknown, but recent research has discovered that this disorder is linked to abnormalities of brain chemistry or brain structure. There are positive symptoms like thought disorder, hallucinations, delusions, catatonia; there are negative symptoms like social withdrawal and flat affect. There is no cure for schizophrenia but it is treatable.

DEPRESSION - Sidorela - 5°E

It is an illness that involves the body, mood, and thoughts. It affects the way a person eats and sleeps, the way one feels about oneself, and the way one thinks about things.

­

People with depression may feel:

• ­persistent sad, anxious mood
• ­feelings of hopelessness, pessimism, helplessness
• ­difficulty concentrating, remembering
• ­thoughts of death or suicide

­Women experience depression about twice as often as men. Many hormonal factors may contribute to the increased rate of depression in women, for example menstrual cycle changes, pregnancy, miscarriage, menopause.

The first step to getting appropriate treatment for depression is a physical examination by a physician.

NURSERY RHYMES - Chicken Pox - Jacelyn / Giulia - 3°E

My little sister has chickenpox,

she has a lot of red spots.

My mother takes care of her

because her temperature is higher.

She continues to scratch, scratch, scratch

for her skin rash, rash, rash.

She drinks a lot, lots of water

because she wants to get better.

GRAMMAR REVISION CLASS 5 - Must

Dear students,
below you can find "Must" and some exercises to revise it.

Best regards

Jade Bell

BONE - BOOK 2 CHAPTER 4

Book 2, chapter 4 of Bone begins with Phoney and Smiley before the race. Phoney is reminding Smiley to purposely lose the race so that they can win all of the bet money. They really want the grandmother to win. Before the race starts, Phoney goes to work the betting booth. Before he closes, the bar owner bets his whole bar on the grandmother. Phoney closes the booth immediately and runs to find Smiley, "the mystery cow," at the starting line.

He tells Smiley he now has to win the race and make sure the grandmother loses. As the race is about to start, Phoney climbs into the costume with Smiley and they set off. At the same time of the race, the rat monsters are chasing Fone through the forest. Eventually, the cows and rat monsters collide in the forest. Finally,, they make it to the finish line and grandmother wins.

Libro 2, capitolo 4 di Bone inizia con Phoney e Smiley prima della gara. Phoney sta ricordando a Smiley di perdere la gara apposta per poter vincere tutti i soldi delle scommesse. Loro vogliono veramente che la nonna vinca. Prima che inizi la gara, Phoney va a lavorare alla cabina delle scommesse. Prima di chiudere, il proprietario del bar scommette il suo bar sulla nonna. Phoney chiude subito e corre a cercare Smiley, "la mucca misteriosa", alla linea di partenza. Dice a Smiley che adesso deve vincere la gara ed essere sicuro che la nonna perda. Mentre la gara sta per iniziare, Phoney entra dentro il costume da mucca con Smiley e partono. Durante la gara, i mostri ratto stanno cercando Fone attraverso la foresta. Alla fine, le mucche e i mostri ratto si scontrano nella foresta. Finalmente, loro arrivano al punto di arrivo e la nonna vince.

NURSERY RHYMES - Whooping cough's doggerel - Ikram / Jasmine - 3°E

If you have a whooping cough
And you want to heal
You must drink a lot of fluids
Eat sweet honey
So you can stop to cough cough cough

But if you continue to cough cough cough
You have to take paracetamol
And  have a lot of rest rest rest
So you can stop to cough cough cough

Se tu hai la pertosse
E vuoi guarire
Devi bere molti liquidi
Mangiare miele dolce
Quindi potrai smettere di tossire tossire tossire

Ma se continui a tossire tossire tossire
Devi prendere del paracetamolo
E avere molto riposo riposo riposo
Quindi potrai smettere di tossire tossire tossire.

BONE - BOOK 2 CHAPTER 3

Book 2, chapter 3 of Bone starts with Thorn and Fone eating breakfast and grandmother getting ready for the cow race. She decides to have some tea at the bar and go for a run. At the bar she hears a bunch of men talking about how the mystery cow will beat her. She tries not to let it bother her, but it really does. The bar owner tells her to stay positive. He goes to talk to the men, and reminds them that no one has even seen the mystery cow. This makes the men angry because they've spent a lot of money on a cow nah might not exist. The men become angry with Phoney, and tell him that they want to see the cow by 12:00 that afternoon. Phoney agrees but is nervous. While Fone and Thorn are eating breakfast, Thorn tells him she will be walking with Tom at the fair that day. Tom is the boy from the honey stand a few days before. This makes Fone upset but he says it's fine. When Thorn goes to meet tom, he's with another girl. Then, the chapter goes back to the angry men and Phoney. They're standing outside of the barn where the "mystery cow" is. Phoney warns him that the cow is very dangerous. Really, the "mystery cow" is Smiley in a cow costume. In the barn, he starts making very loud cow noises and scares the men away. Then, we see Fone sitting alone in the forest thinking about Thorn. Ted the bug tells him to write her a poem. Fone starts writing and Ted leaves. At that point, the rat monsters come to take Fone. The chapter ends with Thorn looking for Fone at the race.

Libro 2, capitolo 3 di Bone inizia con Thorn e Bone che mangiano colazione e la nonna che si prepara per la gara delle mucche. Lei decide di prendere del tè al bar e andare a correre. Al bar lei ascolta tanti uomini che parlano di come la mucca misteriosa batterà la nonna. Lei prova a non lasciarsi infastidire da questo, ma è veramente infastidita. Il proprietario del bar le dice di rimanere positiva. Lui va a parlare con gli uomini, e ricorda loro che nessuno ha mai visto la mucca misteriosa. Questo fa arrabbiare gli uomini perché loro hanno speso tanti soldi su una mucca che forse non esiste. Gli uomini si arrabbiano con Phoney e gli dicono che vogliono vedere la mucca entro le 12:00 del pomeriggio. Phoney acconsente ma è nervoso. Mentre Fone e Thorn stanno mangiando colazione, Thorn gli dice che lei camminerà con Tom alla festa quel giorno. Tom è il ragazzo del banco di miele di qualche giorno prima. Questo sconvolge Fone ma le dice che va tutto bene. Quando Thorn va a incontrare Tom, lui è con un'altra ragazza. Poi, il capitolo ritorna agli uomini arrabbiati e Phoney. Stanno in piedi fuori dal granaio dove c'è la "mucca misteriosa." Phoney li avverte che la mucca è molto pericolosa. Ma veramente, la "mucca misteriosa" è Smiley con un costume da mucca. Nel granaio, inizia a dare dei muggiti da mucca molto rumorosi e fa fuggire gli uomini dallo spavento. Poi, Fone è da solo nella foresta. Pensa a Thorn. Ted l'insetto gli dice che bisogna scrivere una poesia per lei. Fone inizia a scrivere e Ted parte. A quel punto, i mostri vengono e prendono Fone. Il capitolo finisce con Thorn che cerca Fone alla gara.
 

GRAMMAR REVISION CLASS 5 - May / Might

Dear students,
below you can find "May / Might" and some exercises to revise it.

Best regards

Jade Bell

OSTEOPOROSIS - Annalisa - 4°E

Definition: a condition characterised by the loss of bone density and thinning of bone tissue.

Risk factors: menopause, advanced age, family history, smoking, low body weight, low amout of calcium and alcohol consumption.

Symptoms: there are no symptoms. Patients may suffer from: fractures, low back pain, neck pain, stooped posture.

Prognosis: some people become severely disabled and unable to walk independently as a result of fractures.

Treatment: drug therapy, hormone replacement therapy, physical exercise, a diet rich in calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D and protein.

Prevention: a sufficient amount of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D. Avoiding smoking, excess alcohol consumption and taking regular exercise. Post-menopausal women can consider oestrogen replacement therapy.

HEALTHY EATING / PHYSICAL ACTIVITY - Evita - 4°E

WHAT IS THE BEST DIET?

Our nutritional needs change partly because our metabolism slows down and we burn calories more slowly and because our lifestyles may be less active. For these reasons,  it is necessary to follow a healthy and balanced diet that will provide all the nutrients we need and prevent ailments, diseases and complications. According to doctors and dieticians the MEDITERRANEAN DIET is the best. 

Some advice to follow

Eat at least five portions of fruit and vegetables every day because they are rich in vitamins, minerals and fibre and are powerful antioxidants. They help our cells stay young and prevent atherosclerosis and cancer.

Eat fish regularly, especially oily fish like salmon and sardines and use vegetable oils instead of butter because polyunsaturated fats can help lower blood cholesterol so they prevent heart attack and stroke.

Drink a lot of fluids, like water, tea and unsweetened fruits juices because they prevent constipation and give our bodies the necessary hydration.

Base each meal on a cereal and try to choose wholemeal ones if possible because they give us energy and  wholemeal ones contain a lot of fibre which can prevent constipation.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Regular physical activity can help us stay young and fit. And most older people can take part in moderate exercise programmes. Here you will find a few examples:

• It strengthens your heart and lungs
• It can lower your blood pressure
• It can strengthen your bones, slowing down the process of osteoporosis
• It keeps joints more flexible
• It can help you lose weight or maintain your ideal weight by burning excess calories and by helping to control your appetite
• It improves your appearance and self-confidence
• It contributes to sleeping better and promotes a sense of well-being

CHILDCARE IN THE U.K. - Olga - 3°E

HEART DISEASE - Sofia - 4°E

Heart disease is a disorder which affects the heart muscle or the blood vessels of the heart.
The most common forms of heart disease among elderly people are: angina, heart failure and heart attack.
The most important risk factors are: smoking, hypertension, diabetes, high blood cholesterol levels, family history and stress.
The most common symptoms of heart attack are: chest pain, pain that radiates, shortness of breath, fainting, nausea, vomiting and sweating.
Physical exercise is very important as well as maintaining a healthy body weight.

HEART DISEASE - Nazarena - 4°E

It is a disorder which affects the heart muscle or the blood vessels of the heart.
There are various forms of heart disease.
The most common ones among elderly people are:

• ANGINA
• HEART FAILURE
• HEART ATTACK

Angina is a specific type of pain in the chest caused by inadequate blood flow through the blood vessels of the heart muscle.
Heart failure is a disorder in which the heart loses its ability to pump blood efficiently.
Heart attacks are often caused by a clot that blocks one of the coronary arteries. The clot prevents blood and oxygen from reaching that area of the heart, leading to the death of heart cells in that area.
 

RISK FACTORS : smoking, family history, stress, diabetes.

SYMPTOMS : chest pain, fainting, nausea, vomiting, sweating.

PROGNOSIS : the patient may recover fully.

TREATMENT : patients are admitted to hospital, where ECG monitoring is started immediately.

PREVENTION : to prevent heart disease,smoking should be avoided and low-cholesterol, low-salt diet should be followed.

GRAMMAR REVISION CLASS 5 - Can

Dear students,
below you can find "Can" and some exercises to revise it.

Best regards

Jade Bell

GRAMMAR REVISION CLASS 5 - Past Simple

Dear students,
below you can find "Past simple" and some exercises to revise it.

 Best regards
Jade Bell